托辊的发展及存在的问题
Development and Problems of Supporting Roller
中国改革开放以来，国民经济高速发展，散料运输业出现了前所未有的增长，带式输送机已经逐步成为散料运输的主要手段。在煤矿井下运输巷道，带式输送机由过去的100-630T/h运输量、1.6-2m/S带速，向1500—7000T/h运输量、3.15-5.3m/S带速以上发展。带式输送机正朝着大型化复杂化方向发展，目前，最大装机功率达到25000kw，系统最长输送距离145km,单机最长输送距离20.3km,最大输送量20000t/h,最大带宽2800mm,最大带强ST7000,最大带速8.5m/s。
Since China's reform and opening up, with the rapid development of the national economy, the bulk transport industry has witnessed unprecedented growth, and belt conveyor has gradually become the main means of bulk transport. In coal mine underground transport roadway, belt conveyor from the past 100-630T/h transport volume, 1.6-2m/S belt speed, to 1500-7000T/h transport volume, 3.15-5.3m/S belt speed above development. Belt conveyor is developing towards large-scale and complicated direction. At present, the maximum installed power reaches 25,000 kw, the longest conveying distance of the system is 145 km, the longest conveying distance of a single machine is 20.3 km, the maximum conveying capacity is 20,000 t/h, the maximum bandwidth is 2,800 mm, the maximum belt strength is ST7000, and the maximum belt speed is 8.5m/s.
带式输送机的主要部件配套能力已经形成，如高压大型电机、软启动技术、大型减速机、制动器、高强度胶带等，唯有高速大承载托辊的技术指标滞后，不能很好地满足要求。
The matching ability of main parts of belt conveyor has been formed, such as high-voltage large motor, soft start technology, large reducer, brake, high-strength belt, etc. Only the technical index of high-speed large-load roller lags behind and can not meet the requirements well.
托辊是带式输送机上承载载荷的部件，数量较多，它的质量好坏，影响到带式输送机的整体参数和质量。按当前的设计配置，托辊在带式输送机中占到总价的1/5---1/4,在深槽、高速、大运量、长距离带式输送机上，将近占到1/3，托辊是个消耗品，它的耗损值，居带式输送机运行成本的首位。
The idler is the load-bearing part of the belt conveyor, and its quantity is large. Its quality affects the overall parameters and quality of the belt conveyor. According to the current design configuration, the idler accounts for 1/5-1/4 of the total price of belt conveyor. It accounts for nearly 1/3 of deep groove, high speed, large capacity and long distance belt conveyor. The idler is a consumable, and its loss value ranks first in the operation cost of belt conveyor.
托辊滞后发展的主要原因为：
The main reasons for the lagging development of idlers are as follows:
1）设计思维滞后，一直沿用着50年前的基本设计理念，没有与时俱进。以前带式输送机是小型简单的概念，当今是大型可靠的概念，有质的区别。要求托辊设计必须拚弃简单、低值、易耗的理念。
1) Design thinking lags behind, and has been following the basic design concepts of 50 years ago, without keeping pace with the times. Belt conveyor used to be a small and simple concept, but now it is a large and reliable concept, which has qualitative differences. The design of idler must abandon the idea of simplicity, low value and easy consumption.
2）设计技术狭窄，一直在行业传统技术领域研究是寻找不到根本突破的，跨专业研发会发现新的天地。例如托辊的防水结构设计。
2) Design technology is narrow, and it can not find a fundamental breakthrough in the field of traditional technology. Cross-professional R&D will find a new world. For example, the waterproof structure design of idler.
3）托辊的制造装备及工艺严重滞后时代的发展。机械制造的许多领域已经进入了加工中心时代，而托辊加工还远远停留在普通专用机床年代，加工质量根本无法保障。
3) The manufacturing equipment and technology of idlers are seriously lagging behind the development of the times. Many fields of mechanical manufacturing have entered the era of processing centers, while the processing of idlers is still far from the era of ordinary special machine tools, and the processing quality can not be guaranteed at all.
托辊是带式输送机上被忽视的重要部件，托辊设计技术和制造技术滞后存在深层次的理念问题和行业局限性。需要用当今的经济技术理念重新作出定位。
The idler is an important component neglected in belt conveyor. There are deep-seated conceptual problems and industry limitations in the lagging design and manufacturing technology of idler. It is necessary to re-orientate with today's economic and technological concepts.